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What do you image while you consider an engineer? Do you think about somebody carrying a tough hat placing numerous mechanical items collectively? Or somebody sat at a desk all day? Do you image a person? Engineering is a lot extra than simply mechanics, undoubtedly not a desk job and definitely not only for males, though there are presently many extra male engineers than feminine.
Engineering is all about fixing issues with science and maths to make life higher.
It was engineers who created the primary instruments, the primary irrigation programs, the primary engines, autos and lots of many extra innovations that make our life higher each single day. Engineering has been round for 1000s of years and is a large a part of human historical past. Steam engines powered the economic revolution, the invention of the wheel revolutionised transport and it’s engineers who will play an important half in working by way of our local weather disaster. At the moment, we’d like engineers greater than ever earlier than!
Sorts of Engineering
There are many totally different fields of engineering encompassing the whole lot from microscopic nanobots to the most important industrial installations.
The under are simply among the several types of engineering. You’ll be able to see there’s an enormous number of choices and countless prospects for all sorts of engineer.
Civil Engineering
Civil engineers design, assemble and preserve buildings and different constructions reminiscent of roads, bridges and dams. The sort of undertaking often advantages individuals, bettering life for most people.
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical engineering is the design and upkeep of equipment together with autos, machines utilized in trade and instruments.
Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical engineers work to enhance healthcare. This may very well be engaged on issues like MRI scanners, creating prosthetic limbs, and even creating robots to function or ship drugs.
One very thrilling area of biomedical engineering is tissue engineering which includes creating tissues within the lab to interchange components of the physique. Think about if we might develop entire new organs for individuals!
Chemical Engineering
Chemical engineers work with supplies and chemical compounds to create helpful merchandise. Chemical compounds engineers might be vitally essential sooner or later as they attempt to discover sustainable options to plastics and assist create environment friendly renewable vitality sources.
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineers work with electrical energy create new and creative merchandise. These can embrace the whole lot from the smallest microchips to massive industrial programs.
Laptop Engineering
Laptop engineers design laptop programs, networks, software program and {hardware}.
Environmental Engineering
Environmental engineers work to watch, scale back and forestall air pollution. They’re additionally concerned in cleansing up polluted areas.
Engineering by way of the ages
The Wheel
Who invented the wheel?
The oldest wheel to be found was a potters wheel in Mesopotamia from round 3500BC. It’s not identified who invented the primary wheel, however this easy invention modified the world!
Stonehenge
Stonehenge is an astonishing piece of engineering relationship again to round 3100BC. It appears virtually inconceivable that Stonehenge was constructed hundreds of years earlier than cranes, or any sort of energy. Nobody is aware of how the massive stones have been transported, however it’s thought they have been lifted upright utilizing picket frames and ropes. Construction of Stonehenge took 1500 years!
Pyramids of Giza
The Pyramids of Giza have been constructed as tombs for the Pharaohs of Egypt round 2500BC. These monumentally spectacular constructions are an unbelievable feat of engineering and development. Nobody actually is aware of how they have been constructed!
Aqueducts
Aqueducts use gravity to maneuver water from a supply to last vacation spot. Roman aqueducts used tunnels and bridges as a part of the transportation system.
The primary aqueduct in Rome is assumed to have been constructed round 310BC.
Archimedes Screw
The Archimedes Screw is a tool invented round 250BC used for transferring water upwards. Confusingly the Archimedes Screw was not essentially invented by Archimedes, however is a helpful gadget that’s nonetheless used at the moment.
You can also make your personal Archimedes Screw utilizing some plastic piping and a tube.
The Nice Wall of China
The Nice Wall of China is one other unbelievable feat of engineering, and the longest ever piece of human development. The oldest components date again to round 206BC however development continued proper as much as the seventeenth Century. The Nice Wall is among the new 7 Wonders of the World, a Unesco World Heritage Site and the longest synthetic construction on the earth!
The Thames Tunnel
The Thames Tunnel was the primary tunnel to be constructed beneath water on the earth and remains to be in use at the moment! The tunnel opened in 1843 andwas first used for pedestrians earlier than being transformed to be used by trains. The tunnel was designed by Marc Isambard Brunel who created a tool known as the tunnelling defend to assist with development. Extra trendy variations of this gadget are nonetheless used now.
Marc Brunel was helped by his son Isambard Kingdom Brunel with the undertaking. Isambard later turned chief engineer of the Nice Western Railway which stretches from London to Bristol and Exeter. Isambard Kingdom Brunel can be well-known for the Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol which on the time it opened ( 1864 ) was the longest bridge on the earth.
Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian railway is the worlds longest railway connecting Moscow to Vladivostock ( 5772 miles ). The railway line travels by way of forests, mountains and rivers which gave engineers concerned in its development many challenges to beat. Moreover Siberia may be very, very chilly so engineers needed to think about the impact of melting and freezing permafrost on the observe.
Hoover Dam
The Hoover Dam was constructed within the Thirties to supply hydroelectric energy, stop flooding and to provide the individuals of Las Vegas a dependable water provide to assist with irrigation of crops. It’s 200m thick on the backside and 14 m thick on the prime!
Hoover Dam straddles the Black Canyon of the Colorado River to create the US’s largest reservoir, Lake Mead. The dam is a huge concrete curve which holds again water whereas transmitting the stress into the partitions of the canyon.
Water launched from the reservoir drives generators to generate electrical energy!
In Vitro Fertilisation
You would possibly suppose IVF is biology not engineering however biomedical engineering is a quick rising area utilizing engineering for medical functions.
IVF was developed within the Sixties and 70s with the primary IVF child being born in 1978!
The Channel Tunnel – 1994
The Channel Tunnel is one other feat of engineering and is the world’s longest, steady undersea railway tunnel. It connects England to Northern France and is used for passengers and autos.
Building took 5 years and the tunnel is among the 7 Wonders of the Fashionable World.
Worldwide Area Station
The primary module of the Worldwide Area Station was launched into house in 1998. The ISS will not be solely an enormous engineering achievement, however a formidable collaboration between sixteen nations! The house station was assembled in house typically by robotic arms and typically by people. It’s a true engineering masterpiece!
Do you know the house station orbits the Earth 16 instances every day and is about so long as soccer pitch?
Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge ( opened in 2018 ) connects Hong Kong to China and is the world’s longest sea bridge. This engineering tremendous construction additionally incorporates an underground tunnel ( permitting ships to go by way of ) and three synthetic islands!
The bridge has been specifically designed to face up to excessive climate and pure occasions reminiscent of typhoons and earthquakes!
Extra Human Feats of Engineering
Panama Canal
The Panama canal was constructed initially of the twentieth Century to attach the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans for commerce and journey functions. Engineers needed to think about variations in water ranges, difficult terrain together with lakes and mountains and land slides.
Bailong Elevator
The Bailong Elevator opened in 2002 and is the world’s tallest out of doors elevator. It’s not for these with a worry of heights because it reaches 326m excessive giving an unbelievable view over the Wuling Mountains in China.
Itaipu Dam
Itaipu Dam, situated on the Brazil-Paraguay border is among the world’s largest hydroelectric energy stations. The dam produces sufficient electrical energy to cowl a big share of Paraguay’s wants.
How you can get youngsters enthusiastic about engineering?
Engineering is all about designing, inventing and testing, so hands-on inventive STEM tasks are a fantastic place to start.
My easy engineering projects are enjoyable, difficult and use gear you most likely have already got. Find out about sturdy shapes with paper columns or egg shells, check totally different edible foundations in an earthquake and much extra!
The James Dyson website additionally has some easy challenges to get you began.
Final Up to date on Might 5, 2022 by Emma Vanstone
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